From Far-Right Icon to Anti-ICE Symbol: This Remarkable Transformation of the Amphibian
The revolution won't be televised, though it may feature webbed feet and bulging eyes.
Furthermore, it may involve a unicorn's horn or a chicken's feathers.
Whilst protests against the administration carry on in American cities, participants are adopting the vibe of a community costume parade. They have taught salsa lessons, given away snacks, and ridden unicycles, as armed law enforcement look on.
Mixing humour and political action – a tactic researchers term "tactical frivolity" – is not new. However, it has emerged as a signature characteristic of US demonstrations in the current era, adopted by both left and right.
One particular emblem has emerged as particularly salient – the frog. It began when recordings of a confrontation between a man in an amphibian costume and immigration enforcement agents in Portland, Oregon, went viral. And it has since spread to protests throughout the United States.
"There's a lot happening with that humble frog costume," states an expert, a professor at UC Davis and an academic who focuses on performance art.
The Path From a Cartoon Frog to the Streets of Portland
It is difficult to examine demonstrations and amphibians without mentioning Pepe, a cartoon character co-opted by far-right groups throughout a previous presidential campaign.
Initially, when the meme initially spread online, people used it to signal specific feelings. Afterwards, its use evolved to endorse a candidate, including one notable meme endorsed by that figure personally, portraying Pepe with a signature suit and hair.
The frog was also portrayed in certain internet forums in offensive ways, portrayed as a hate group member. Online conservatives exchanged "unique frog images" and set up cryptocurrency in his name. His catchphrase, "feels good, man", was used a coded signal.
Yet Pepe didn't start out as a political symbol.
Its creator, the illustrator, has stated about his disapproval for its appropriation. His creation was meant as simply a relaxed amphibian in his series.
The frog first appeared in a series of comics in 2005 – apolitical and famous for a quirky behavior. In 'Feels Good Man', which documents the creator's attempt to reclaim ownership of his creation, he explained his drawing came from his experiences with companions.
As he started out, the artist tried sharing his art to early internet platforms, where people online began to copy, alter, and reinterpret his character. As Pepe spread into the more extreme corners of the internet, the creator attempted to distance himself from his creation, including ending its life in a final panel.
However, its legacy continued.
"This demonstrates that creators cannot own icons," states Prof Bogad. "Their meaning can evolve and be repurposed."
Until recently, the association of Pepe meant that amphibian imagery became a symbol for conservative politics. This shifted recently, when a confrontation between a protestor dressed in a blow-up amphibian suit and an immigration officer in Portland captured global attention.
The event occurred shortly after a decision to send the National Guard to the city, which was called "war-ravaged". Demonstrators began to gather in droves outside a facility, near an immigration enforcement facility.
Tensions were high and a officer deployed irritant at the individual, directing it into the opening of the costume.
The individual, Seth Todd, responded with a joke, stating it tasted like "spicier tamales". Yet the footage became a sensation.
Mr Todd's attire was somewhat typical for Portland, renowned for its quirky culture and activist demonstrations that delight in the ridiculous – outdoor exercise, 80s-style aerobics lessons, and unique parades. The city's unofficial motto is "Embrace the Strange."
The frog was also referenced in the ensuing legal battle between the administration and the city, which claimed the deployment was illegal.
While a judge decided that month that the president had the right to send personnel, a dissenting judge wrote, mentioning demonstrators' "propensity for donning inflatable costumes when expressing dissent."
"Some might view this decision, which accepts the description of Portland as a war zone, as merely absurd," the dissenting judge opined. "However, this ruling has serious implications."
The action was "permanently" blocked soon after, and troops are said to have left the area.
However, by that time, the frog was now a significant protest icon for the left.
The costume was seen nationwide at anti-authoritarian protests last autumn. There were frogs – along with other creatures – in San Diego and Atlanta and Boston. They were in small towns and big international cities like Tokyo and London.
This item was sold out on online retailers, and saw its cost increase.
Controlling the Narrative
What brings Pepe and the protest frog – lies in the relationship between the silly, innocent image and serious intent. This concept is "tactical frivolity."
This approach relies on what the professor terms a "disarming display" – often silly, it acts as a "disarming and charming" act that highlights a cause without needing obviously explaining them. It's the goofy costume you wear, or the symbol you share.
Mr Bogad is an analyst in the subject and a veteran practitioner. He's written a book called 'Tactical Performance', and taught workshops internationally.
"One can look back to historical periods – under oppressive regimes, they use absurdity to express dissent a little bit and still have a layer of protection."
The purpose of this approach is multi-faceted, Mr Bogad says.
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